Uruguay

From the Atlantic Coast to the Río de la Plata: The Kingdom of Tannat

Uruguayan Wine Overview

Classification System

INAVI regulated system

VCP Quality wine designation
DO In development
Reserva 12 months red, 6 white
Gran Reserva 18 months red, 12 white
Terroir Atlantic influence key

Geographic Hierarchy

Southern Coast 60% production
Atlantic Coast Premium zone
Western Litoral River influence
Coastal Climate Maritime terroir
Interior Continental zones

Industry Overview

27% Tannat plantings
6,000 ha Total vineyard area
250+ Active wineries
Maritime Climate influence
#1 Tannat Per capita consumption

Wine Industry Development

1752

First Vines

Spanish colonial era

1870s

Tannat Arrives

Basque immigration

1900s

European Wave

Italian, French influence

1970s

Modernization

Technology adoption

1987

INAVI Created

Wine institute founded

2000s

Export Focus

International recognition

2010s

Premium Push

Garzón investment

2020+

Sustainability

Organic growth, terroir focus

Production Statistics

540K
Hectoliters
Annual production
27%
Tannat
Of plantings
60%
Canelones
Regional focus
250+
Wineries
Active producers
20%
Export
International sales
#2
Tannat
Global producer

Canelones

The heart of Uruguayan wine - 60% of national production

Las Violetas

Traditional Zone

Historic wine center northwest of Montevideo. Clay-limestone soils with good water retention. Traditional family wineries alongside modern operations.

Soil Clay-limestone
Climate Maritime
Rainfall 1,000mm
Style Classic Tannat

Key Districts

Las Violetas Traditional heartland
Progreso Innovation hub
Juanicó Historic center
El Colorado Premium sites

Notable Producers

Pisano Family since 1924, RPF icon
Bouza Quality leader, wine tourism
Castillo Viejo Traditional, value leader
Familia Deicas Single vineyard focus

QPR Champions

Red
Pisano RPF Tannat
$15
Red
Marichal Reserve
$12
Red
Castillo Viejo Reserva
$10

Progreso

Innovation Hub

Central Canelones mixing traditional and modern wineries. Good terroir diversity with focus on innovation and experimentation.

Focus Innovation
Styles Diverse
Producers Mixed
Trend Modern

Top Producers

Pizzorno Family estate, sustainable
De Lucca Traditional methods
H. Stagnari Historic, natural wines

Montevideo

Urban wineries and historic vineyards

Metropolitan Wineries

Urban Wine

Capital city region with historic wineries within city limits. Tourism-friendly locations mixing old traditions with modern approaches.

Location Capital city
Style Traditional
Tourism Accessible
History Deep roots

Key Districts

Melilla Northwest, traditional
Manga Historic wine area
Carrasco Eastern suburbs

Top Producers

Bodega Spinoglio Urban winery tradition
Bodega Carrau Since 1752, historic
Vinos de la Cruz Small production quality

QPR Champions

Red
Spinoglio Tannat
$11
Red
Carrau Amat
$14

Maldonado

Atlantic elegance - Uruguay's Bordeaux

Garzón

Premium Zone

Uruguay's most ambitious wine project. 20km from Atlantic Ocean with rocky granite soils and cool breezes. $85 million investment in state-of-the-art facilities.

Distance 20km ocean
Soil Granite
Elevation 200m hills
Investment $85M

Specialties

Albariño Atlantic excellence
Elegant Tannat Refined style
Single Vineyard Terroir expression
LEED Certified Sustainability leader

Notable Producers

Bodega Garzón World-class facilities, icon wines
Alto de la Ballena Boutique, unique blends
Viña Edén Small production excellence

QPR Champions

Red
Garzón Reserva Tannat
$18
White
Garzón Albariño
$16
Blend
Alto de la Ballena Tannat-Viognier
$20

Punta del Este Zone

Resort area wineries combining beach tourism with wine experiences.

Location: Near famous beach resort
Focus: Wine tourism, restaurant partnerships
Style: Small boutique wineries

Colonia

Historic region on the Río de la Plata

Carmelo

River Terroir

Uruguay's Napa Valley. Western Uruguay across from Buenos Aires with river influence and sandy-clay soils. Growing wine tourism development.

Climate Continental
Soil Sandy-clay
Tourism Growing
History Since 1854

Top Producers

Narbona Wine lodge experience
Irurtia Family tradition
El Legado Premium focus
Los Cerros de San Juan Founded 1854

QPR Champions

Red
Irurtia Tannat
$12
Red
Narbona Puerto Carmelo
$15

Nueva Helvecia

Swiss heritage area with dairy and wine tradition.

Heritage: Swiss settlement
Production: Small family producers

Other Wine Regions

Rivera

Border Region

Northern border with Brazil featuring unique terroir with red sandstone soils and continental climate.

Unique: Shared appellation with Brazil (Campanha)
Producer: Bodega Carrau (Cerro Chapeu at 300m)
Focus: Red wines, Portuguese varieties

San José

Emerging

West of Montevideo with growing quality focus and good terroir potential.

Sub-zones: Sierra de Mahoma, Mal Abrigo
Producers: Familia Dardanelli, Viñedo de los Vientos

Other Areas

Durazno: Central region, continental climate
Florida: Small production, granite soils
Rocha: Atlantic coast, emerging area
Salto: Northwestern, hot climate

Key Grape Varieties

From flagship Tannat to Atlantic varieties

Tannat

National Grape

Originally from Madiran, France, arrived 1870s with Basque immigrants. Uruguay is now world's second-largest producer with 27% of vineyard area.

Plantings 1,600+ ha
Share 27% total
Best Zones Canelones
Style Diverse

Style Spectrum

Traditional
Powerful Tannic, structured, long aging potential
Modern
Elegant Softer tannins, micro-oxygenation, approachable
Rosé
Unique Structured rosé, gastronomic, fresh
Blended
Balanced With Merlot, Cabernet Franc for elegance

Benchmark Producers

Bouza Monte Vide Eu Icon single vineyard, $45+
Garzón Single Vineyard Modern expression, terroir focus
Pisano RPF Traditional excellence, value icon

Supporting Cast

Merlot

The softener

Role Tannat blend partner
Share 10% of plantings
Style Plush, fruity
Best Clay soils

Albariño

Atlantic connection

Pioneer Bodega Garzón
Climate Perfect match
Style Fresh, mineral
Pairing Seafood star

Cabernet Franc

Rising star

Share 5% plantings
Style Loire meets New World
Potential Excellent varietal
Leaders Bouza, Pizzorno

Variety Portfolio

Traditional Varieties

Established
Cabernet Sauvignon 7% plantings
Sauvignon Blanc 3% crisp style
Chardonnay 3% diverse styles

Character: Bordeaux heritage meets Atlantic influence

Trend: Quality improving across the board

Emerging Stars

Innovation
Viognier Co-fermentation
Marselan Cab x Grenache
Tempranillo Spanish heritage

Innovation: Co-fermentation, unique blends

Watch: Syrah, Petit Verdot experiments

15+
Varieties
Commercial production
27%
Tannat
Of total plantings
Maritime
Climate
Atlantic influence
#2
Tannat
Global producer

Food & Wine Pairing

La mesa uruguaya - where asado culture meets Tannat tradition

Uruguayan Pairing Philosophy

Tradición Gaucha

Asado Culture

Fire & Wine Parrilla perfection
Tannat Power Built for beef
Sunday Ritual Family tradition

Atlantic Influence

Coastal Wines Maritime terroir
Fresh Seafood Atlantic bounty
Albariño Rising Perfect pairing

European Heritage

Italian Influence Pasta & wine
Spanish Roots Tapas culture
Mate & Wine Daily rituals

Iconic Uruguayan Pairings

🥩
Asado + Tannat Reserva
National perfection
🥪
Chivito + Merlot
Montevideo classic
🦪
Oysters + Albariño
Coastal harmony
🧀
Provoleta + Tannat Rosé
Parrilla starter
🥟
Empanadas + Cabernet Franc
Perfect match
🍮
Dulce de Leche + Late Harvest
Sweet tradition

Traditional Uruguayan Cuisine

Parrilla & Asado

Asado de tira (Short ribs)
Tannat Gran Reserva, Tannat Single Vineyard
Bife de chorizo
Tannat-Cabernet Sauvignon, aged Tannat
Entrecot (Ribeye)
Premium Tannat, Tannat-Merlot
Matambre
Tannat Reserva, Marselan
Vacío (Flank steak)
Young Tannat, Tempranillo
Chorizos
Tannat Joven, Cabernet Franc
Morcilla (Blood sausage)
Tannat-Merlot, Syrah
Chinchulines
Crisp whites, Tannat Rosé
Molleja (Sweetbreads)
Pinot Noir, Viognier
Provoleta
Tannat Rosé, Albariño
Pamplona
Medium Tannat, Merlot
Costillar de cerdo
Pinot Noir, light Tannat

Classic Uruguayan Dishes

Chivito al plato
Merlot, Tannat-Merlot blend
Chivito canadiense
Cabernet Sauvignon, light Tannat
Milanesa napolitana
Pinot Noir, Chardonnay
Milanesa a caballo
Tempranillo, Marselan
Empanadas de carne
Cabernet Franc, young reds
Empanadas de queso
Sauvignon Blanc, Viognier
Pascualina
Sauvignon Blanc, Albariño
Gramajo
Tannat Joven, rosé
Revuelto Gramajo
Light reds, Pinot Noir
Tortas fritas
Sweet wines, Moscatel
Fainá
Light whites, rosé
Pizza a la parrilla
Young Tannat, Tempranillo

Coastal & Seafood

Corvina a la plancha
Albariño, Sauvignon Blanc
Lenguado grillado
Viognier, white blends
Mejillones a la provenzal
Albariño, Pinot Grigio
Calamares fritos
Sparkling wine, crisp whites
Paella uruguaya
Tempranillo, rosé
Cazuela de mariscos
White blends, Chardonnay
Pulpo a la gallega
Albariño, Godello
Brochetas de pescado
Sauvignon Blanc, Vermentino
Pescado a la vasca
White Rioja style, Viura
Rabas (Squid rings)
Sparkling, Albariño
Ostras de Rocha
Albariño, Chablis-style
Ceviche
Albariño, Torrontés

Italian-Uruguayan Heritage

Ñoquis del 29
Sangiovese, Italian varietals
Tallarines con tuco
Tannat-Merlot, Barbera
Ravioles caseros
Pinot Noir, Nebbiolo
Canelones
Medium Tannat, Sangiovese
Lasagna
Cabernet Sauvignon, Tannat
Fugazza
Light reds, rosé
Fugazzeta
Young Tannat, Merlot
Pizza napolitana
Sangiovese, light Tannat
Buseca
Barbera, Dolcetto
Polenta con tuco
Tannat, Italian reds
Risotto de hongos
Pinot Noir, Chardonnay
Vitello tonnato
Rosé, Vermentino

Uruguayan Wine Styles Guide

Wine-First Approach

Tannat Categories

Tannat Joven (Young) Pizza, burgers, pasta with meat sauce, empanadas, chorizo, everyday grilling, young cheeses
Tannat Roble (Oak-aged) Grilled meats, lamb chops, pork ribs, mushroom dishes, medium-aged cheeses
Tannat Reserva Asado de tira, ribeye, beef stews, game meats, aged manchego, dark chocolate
Tannat Gran Reserva Premium cuts, dry-aged beef, wild boar, venison, truffle dishes, finest occasions
Single Vineyard Tannat Special dinners, wagyu beef, complex preparations, cellar-worthy pairings
Tannat Rosé Charcuterie, grilled fish, provoleta, summer salads, tapas, Mediterranean cuisine

Tannat Blends

Tannat-Merlot Roasts, meatloaf, stuffed vegetables, comfort foods, pasta dishes, soft cheeses
Tannat-Cabernet Sauvignon Grilled lamb, beef wellington, strong cheeses, hearty stews, winter dishes
Tannat-Cabernet Franc Herb-crusted meats, ratatouille, bell pepper dishes, vegetable lasagna
Tannat-Petit Verdot Game birds, duck confit, spiced meats, Moroccan cuisine, aged meats
Tannat-Viognier (co-fermented) Asian fusion, aromatic dishes, spiced lamb, exotic preparations
Premium Bordeaux-style blends Fine dining, special occasions, complex meat dishes, luxury cuisine

Other Red Varieties

Cabernet Franc Vegetable dishes, herbs, goat cheese, roasted peppers, empanadas, green salads with meat
Merlot Chivito, hamburgers, pasta, mushrooms, soft cheeses, everyday dining
Pinot Noir Duck, salmon, tuna, mushroom risotto, charcuterie, lighter preparations
Marselan Spiced meats, BBQ, Asian cuisine, lamb tagine, aromatic dishes
Tempranillo Spanish dishes, chorizo, paella, tapas, grilled vegetables, jamón
Syrah Pepper-crusted steaks, lamb, BBQ ribs, smoked meats, winter stews
Cabernet Sauvignon Classic steakhouse fare, aged beef, strong cheeses, traditional pairings
Zinfandel BBQ, spicy foods, pizza, casual dining, bold flavors

White Varieties

Albariño Oysters, seafood, ceviche, sushi, grilled fish, coastal cuisine, summer dishes
Sauvignon Blanc Goat cheese, asparagus, green salads, pascualina, herbs, light seafood
Viognier Spiced dishes, Thai food, lobster, creamy sauces, aromatic preparations
Chardonnay (unoaked) Grilled fish, chicken, fresh cheeses, seafood pasta, light cream sauces
Chardonnay (oaked) Lobster, creamy dishes, roasted chicken, risotto, buttery preparations
Pinot Grigio Light seafood, salads, antipasti, simple preparations, aperitif
Torrontés Asian cuisine, spicy foods, exotic fruits, aromatic dishes
Gewürztraminer Foie gras, Asian spices, strong cheeses, desserts

Sparkling & Dessert Wines

Traditional Method Sparkling Celebrations, oysters, fried foods, aperitif, canapés, brunch dishes
Moscatel Fruit desserts, pastries, afternoon tea, light sweets
Late Harvest Tannat Dulce de leche, chocolate desserts, blue cheese, meditation
Tannat Licoroso Dark chocolate, aged cheeses, cigars, after dinner
Botrytis wines Foie gras, crème brûlée, fruit tarts, special occasions

Regional Terroir Wines

Maldonado (Atlantic) Coastal wines for seafood, fresh preparations, mineral-driven pairings
Canelones (Classic) Traditional meat dishes, asado, hearty cuisine, aged cheeses
Colonia (River) River fish, lighter meats, picnic wines, casual dining
Rivera (Northern) Brazilian-influenced dishes, tropical preparations, spiced foods
Garzón (Premium) Fine dining, luxury ingredients, special occasions, international cuisine
San José (Emerging) Experimental pairings, modern cuisine, innovative combinations

Uruguayan Cheese & Charcuterie

Quesos y Fiambres

Local Cheeses

Colonia cheese Young Tannat, Tempranillo
Queso Magro Light whites, rosé
Queso Danbo Merlot, medium reds
Queso Cuartirolo Sauvignon Blanc, Albariño
Queso Azul Late harvest, Port-style
Queso de Cabra Cabernet Franc, Sauvignon Blanc
Queso Semiduro Tannat Roble, Cabernet
Queso Provolone Tannat Rosé, light reds
Queso Reggianito Tannat Reserva, aged reds

Charcuterie & Embutidos

Bondiola Tannat, Cabernet Franc
Salame Milán Italian varietals, Sangiovese
Longaniza Tempranillo, Spanish styles
Jamón cocido Pinot Noir, light whites
Panceta Young reds, rosé
Salame húngaro Syrah, spicy reds
Mortadela Light whites, Vermentino
Butifarra Garnacha, Mediterranean reds
Bresaola criolla Pinot Noir, elegant reds

Picada Uruguaya

Aceitunas Sparkling, aperitif wines
Maní Light wines, beer
Berenjenas en escabeche Rosé, light reds
Pickles High-acid whites
Palmitos Sauvignon Blanc, crisp whites
Lengua a la vinagreta Medium reds, Merlot
Matambre arrollado Tannat Reserva, premium reds

Quick Pairing Reference

By Food Category

Carnes Rojas

Asado Tannat Reserva
Churrasco Cabernet Sauvignon
Entrecot Premium Tannat
Cordero Tannat-Cabernet
Lechón Tempranillo
Carne de caza Aged Tannat
Matambre Marselan

Pescados y Mariscos

Corvina Albariño
Lenguado Viognier
Mejillones Sauvignon Blanc
Camarones Pinot Grigio
Pulpo Albariño
Ostras Sparkling, Albariño
Paella Tempranillo rosé

Pastas y Arroces

Tallarines con tuco Tannat-Merlot
Ñoquis Sangiovese
Ravioles Pinot Noir
Lasagna Cabernet Sauvignon
Canelones Medium Tannat
Risotto Chardonnay
Sorrentinos Italian varietals

Seasonal Uruguayan Wine Guide

Estaciones del Año
🌸 Primavera
September-November Rosé season, fresh whites with spring vegetables, lamb, outdoor asados begin
☀️ Verano
December-February Albariño with seafood, beach wines, Tannat Rosé, light reds chilled, New Year celebrations
🍂 Otoño
March-May Harvest season, new releases, heartier wines, mushroom dishes, wine tourism peak
❄️ Invierno
June-August Aged Tannat with stews, comfort foods, indoor asados, full-bodied reds, hot wine preparations

Traditional Uruguayan Meal Structure

La Mesa Uruguaya
Mate
Pre-Meal Ritual Traditional mate sharing, social bonding (wine comes later)
Picada
Appetizers Sparkling or light whites with cheese, olives, cold cuts
Entrada
First Course Empanadas, chorizo with young reds or rosé
Parrilla
Main Event Multiple cuts, premium Tannat, variety of reds
Ensalada
Salad Course Simple mixed salad, continue with red or switch to white
Quesos
Cheese Course Local cheeses with aged reds or sweet wines
Postre
Dessert Dulce de leche desserts with late harvest or Moscatel
Café
Coffee Espresso or cortado, sometimes with grappa
Sobremesa
After Dinner Lingering conversation, perhaps grappa or whisky, social tradition

Sommelier Pro Tips for Uruguayan Wine

Tannat Temperature: Serve slightly cooler than usual (16-17°C) to tame tannins, especially young wines
Decanting: Essential for Tannat - young wines 1-2 hours, Reserva 2-3 hours, Gran Reserva 3+ hours
Fat Cuts Tannins: Rich, fatty meats like asado de tira perfect for high-tannin Tannat
Micro-oxygenation: Many Uruguayan Tannats use this technique - softer than expected
Atlantic Influence: Coastal wines (Maldonado) have higher acidity - great with seafood
Rosé Revolution: Tannat Rosé is serious wine - structured, gastronomic, not just summer sipper
Albariño Excellence: Uruguay's Albariño rivals Spain's - seek out for seafood pairings
Asado Timing: Start with lighter wines during cooking, move to premium with main cuts
Chimichurri Factor: This sauce needs wines with good acidity - consider when pairing
Italian Heritage: Many Italian grape varieties thrive - explore beyond Tannat
Dulce de Leche: Late harvest Tannat with dulce de leche is magical - must try
Sunday Tradition: Family asado is sacred - bring good wine, it's appreciated

Top Uruguayan Wine Producers

Producer Hierarchy

Historic Leaders

Traditional excellence

Pisano Since 1924, RPF icon
Juanicó Est. 1830, largest
Carrau Since 1752, pioneer
Castillo Viejo Value leader

Modern Icons

Premium innovation

Bodega Garzón Ultra-premium, LEED
Bouza Quality leader
Familia Deicas Single vineyard
Artesana Innovative

Boutique Quality

Small production excellence

Alto de la Ballena Unique blends
Narbona Wine lodge
Viña Edén Coastal terroir
Pizzorno Sustainable

Rising Stars

Innovators
Antigua Stagnari Natural wines
Viñedo de los Vientos Biodynamic
Bracco Bosca Atlántida

Movement: Natural, minimal intervention

Focus: Terroir expression, sustainability

Sustainable Leaders

Green Focus
Garzón LEED certified
Pizzorno Organic
Viñedo de los Vientos Biodynamic

Certification: Growing organic movement

Practice: Sustainable viticulture expanding

Practical Information

Understanding Uruguayan Wine Labels

Spanish Term English Description
Bodega Winery Wine producer/estate
Viñedo Vineyard Grape growing area
Cosecha Vintage Year of harvest
Crianza Aging Maturation period
Roble Oak Oak aging
Sin madera Unoaked No oak aging
Reserva Reserve Quality + aging
Gran Reserva Grand Reserve Top tier
Vendimia tardía Late harvest Sweet wine
Parcela única Single vineyard Specific plot

Tannat Styles Guide

Key Understanding: Tannat evolution from traditional to modern

Joven: Young, little/no oak, fruit-forward

Roble: 6-12 months oak aging

Reserva: 12+ months oak, bottle aging

Gran Reserva: 18+ months oak, premium selection

Rosado: Structured rosé style

Co-fermented: With Viognier for aromatics

Food Pairing Guide

Uruguayan Cuisine

Asado (BBQ)
Tannat Reserva
Chivito
Merlot, Tannat Joven
Parrillada
Tannat-Merlot blend
Empanadas
Cabernet Franc
Milanesa
Pinot Noir, Chardonnay
Chorizo
Tannat, Tempranillo
Provolone
Tannat Rosé
Dulce de leche
Late harvest Tannat

Wine Styles

Young Tannat
Grilled meats, pizza
Reserve Tannat
Aged beef, lamb
Albariño
Seafood, ceviche
Tannat Rosé
Charcuterie, salads
Cabernet Franc
Vegetables, herbs
Tannat-Viognier
Duck, game meats

Vintage Guide (Recent)

2020: ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ Outstanding quality, concentrated

2019: ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ Excellent, balanced vintage

2021: ⭐⭐⭐⭐ Good quality, elegant wines

2022: ⭐⭐⭐⭐ Hot, dry, ripe vintage

2023: ⭐⭐⭐ Variable, selection important

2018: ⭐⭐⭐ Challenging, wet harvest

Serving Temperatures

Whites

8-10°C
Albariño, SB

Rosé

8-10°C
Tannat rosé

Young Tannat

16-18°C
Joven style

Reserve

18-20°C
Aged Tannat

Investment Wines

Top collectible Uruguayan wines with aging potential

1
Pisano RPF
Flagship Tannat from old vines
$15-25
2
Bouza Monte Vide Eu
Single vineyard icon
$45-60
3
Garzón Single Vineyard
Premium terroir expression
$35-50
4
Familia Deicas Massimo
Top tier aged Tannat
$35-45
5
Carrau Amat
Historic producer flagship
$14-20

Wine Tourism

Must-Visit Wineries

Bodega Garzón: Restaurant, olive oil, stunning views
Bouza: Classic cars, restaurant, near Montevideo
Narbona: Wine lodge, historic property
Juanicó: Historic cellars, comprehensive tour
Best Times: March-April harvest, October-November spring

Uruguayan Wine Price Guide

Category USD Examples
Entry Level $8-15 Castillo Viejo, basic Tannat
Premium $15-25 Pisano RPF, Garzón Reserva
Super Premium $25-40 Single vineyards
Icon $40-60 Monte Vide Eu, Massimo
Ultra Premium $60+ Limited editions

Quick Reference

Top Daily Drinker Picks

Style Region Specific Bottle MSRP
Entry Tannat Canelones Castillo Viejo Reserva Tannat $10
Premium Tannat Canelones Pisano RPF Tannat $15
Icon Tannat Canelones Bouza Monte Vide Eu $45
Tannat Blend Progreso Pizzorno Don Próspero $20
Cabernet Franc Canelones Bouza Cabernet Franc $18
Albariño Maldonado Garzón Albariño $16
Rosé Canelones Artesana Rosé de Tannat $12
Unique Blend Maldonado Alto de la Ballena Tannat-Viognier $20
Aged Tannat Canelones Familia Deicas Massimo $35
Sparkling Montevideo Carrau Sauvignon Blanc Brut $14

Top 10 Wines to Understand Uruguay

1
Classic Tannat from Canelones
The national style - powerful and structured
2
Garzón Single Vineyard Tannat
Modern premium expression - elegant and refined
3
Tannat-Merlot Blend
Traditional Uruguayan blend - balanced and approachable
4
Albariño from the Atlantic Coast
Maritime white excellence - fresh and mineral
5
Tannat Rosé
Unique structured rosé style - gastronomic
6
Old Vine Tannat
Historic vineyard expression - concentrated
7
Cabernet Franc Varietal
Emerging star variety - Loire meets New World
8
Tannat-Viognier Co-ferment
Innovation in winemaking - aromatic complexity
9
Marselan
Modern blending variety - spicy and fresh
10
Late Harvest Tannat
Sweet wine surprise - unique dessert style